간편결제 가능
최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2
미니 모의고사 2(132문항)
일반 워크북 형태의 문제에서 벗어나 The Makings가 만든 미니 모의고사 2 변형문제는
출판사에서 오랫동안 영어 번역과 교정을 하셨던 원어민 선생님과
현직에서 강사를 하고 있는 연구진들이 학생들을 위한 최상의 미니 모의고사 2 변형문제를 선보입니다.
사고력과 이해력을 요구하는 문제들로 내신 대비 뿐만이 아니라 수능도 한꺼번에 공부하실 수 있는 자료입니다.
중간고사&기말고사 전에 더메이킹스(The Makings)에서 제작한 미니 모의고사 2 변형문제로 마무리 하세요.
The Makings의 미니 모의고사 1 변형문제는 총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.
1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)
2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)
3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)
4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)
5. 어법(서술형)
6. 어휘(서술형)
7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)
8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)
9. 영작(서술형)
10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)
11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)
이 파일은 워드파일이며 편집이 가능한 형태의 상품입니다.
더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2
미니 모의고사 2(132문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.
1번 지문
Perhaps worse than attempting to get the bad news out of the way is attempting to soften it or simply not address it at all. This "Mum Effect" ― a term coined by psychologists Sidney Rosen and Abraham Tesser in the early 1970s ― happens because people want to avoid becoming the target of others’ negative emotions. We all have the opportunity to lead change, yet it often requires of us the courage to deliver bad news to our superiors. We don’t want to be the innocent messenger who falls before a firing line. When our survival instincts kick in, they can override our courage until the truth of a situation gets watered down. “The Mum Effect and the resulting filtering can have devastating effects in a steep hierarchy,” writes Robert Sutton, an organizational psychologist. “What starts out as bad news becomes happier and happier as it travels up the ranks ― because after each boss hears the news from his or her subordinates, he or she makes it sound a bit less bad before passing it up the chain.”
2번 지문
One of the keys to insects’ successful survival in the open air lies in their outer covering ― a hard waxy layer that helps prevent their tiny bodies from dehydrating. To take oxygen from the air, they use narrow breathing holes in the body-segments, which take in air passively and can be opened and closed as needed. Instead of blood contained in vessels, they have free-flowing hemolymph, which helps keep their bodies rigid, aids movement, and assists the transportation of nutrients and waste materials to the appropriate parts of the body. The nervous system is modular ― in a sense, each of the body segments has its own individual and autonomous brain ― and some other body systems show a similar modularization. These are just a few of the many ways in which insect bodies are structured and function completely differently from our own.
3번 지문
Spine-tingling ghost stories are fun to tell if they are really scary, and even more so if you claim that they are true. People get a thrill from passing on those stories. The same applies to miracle stories. If a rumor of a miracle gets written down in a book, the rumor becomes hard to challenge, especially if the book is ancient. If a rumor is old enough, it starts to be called a "tradition" instead, and then people believe it all the more. This is rather odd because you might think they would realize that older rumors have had more time to get distorted than younger rumors that are close in time to the alleged events themselves. Elvis Presley and Michael Jackson lived too recently for traditions to have grown up, so not many people believe stories like "Elvis seen on Mars."
4번 지문
A central and enduring debate within the field of jurisprudence, the philosophy of law, concerns the very nature of what makes a law truly valid and legitimate. One major school of thought, legal positivism, asserts that a law’s validity is determined solely by its established source and the proper legislative process through which it was enacted. In this view, whether a law is ‘just’ or ‘moral’ is a separate, secondary question from whether it is legally binding. In direct opposition stands the theory of natural law. This tradition argues that for a law to be truly valid, it must align with fundamental principles of justice and morality. Proponents of this view would echo St. Augustine’s famous maxim that ‘an unjust law is no law at all’. This creates an enduring tension between what is legally decreed and what is considered morally right, a conflict that continues to shape legal and ethical debates today.
5번 지문
We might think that our gut instinct is just an inner feeling ― a secret interior voice ― but in fact it is shaped by a perception of something visible around us, such as a facial expression or a visual inconsistency so fleeting that often we’re not even aware we’ve noticed it. Psychologists now think of this moment as a ‘visual matching game’. So a stressed, rushed or tired person is more likely to resort to this visual matching. When they see a situation in front of them, they quickly match it to a sea of past experiences stored in a mental knowledge bank and then, based on a match, they assign meaning to the information in front of them. The brain then sends a signal to the gut, which has many hundreds of nerve cells. So the visceral feeling we get in the pit of our stomach and the butterflies we feel are a result of our cognitive processing system.
6번 지문
Black and Hispanic New Yorkers represent 51% of the city’s population, yet account for 62% of Covid-19 deaths. They have twice the rate of death compared with whites, when adjusted for age. This disparity likely is the result of several factors. Co-morbid conditions, such as hypertension and diabetes, are strongly associated with death from Covid-19 and are more common in black and Hispanic communities. But what causes high rates of poorly controlled hypertension and diabetes? Lack of appropriate health care. People who cannot easily find good health care for reasons of money, time, location, or trust may be more likely to stay at home undiagnosed and spread the virus ― as well as experience potentially fatal delays in diagnosis and treatment. The explanation is the same for New York City as for Italy, New Orleans and probably Iran: the virus exploits weaknesses in health and health care.
7번 지문
Modern armies no longer line up in neat rows and charge each other from opposite sides of a battlefield. Strangely, however, they still train that way, for example, during marching drills. This practice is useful, it turns out, not to prep for actual battle conditions, but to build trust and solidarity among soldiers in a unit. Our species, for reasons that aren’t entirely clear, is wired to form social bonds when we move in lockstep with each other. This can mean marching together, singing or chanting in unison, clapping hands to a beat, or even just wearing the same clothes. In the early decades of the 20th century, IBM used corporate songs to instill a sense of unity among their workers. Some companies in Japan still use these practices today. In 2009, Stanford psychologists Scott Wiltermuth and Chip Heath demonstrated this synchrony-solidarity effect experimentally. They first asked groups of students to perform synchronized movements (such as marching around campus together), then had them play “public goods” games to measure the degree to which individuals were willing to take risks for the benefit of the group. What they found across the experiments is that “people acting in synchrony with others cooperated more in subsequent group economic exercises, even in situations requiring personal sacrifice.”
8번 지문
A reason for a conclusion is very unlikely to consist in a single claim. No matter how we might state it in short-hand, it is, analytically, a complex interaction of many ideas and implications. The reason must be broken down into a chain of more precise premises. For example, the claim that ‘university education should be free for all Australians’ might be supported by the reason that ‘the economy benefits from a well‐educated Australian population’. But is our analysis of the situation clearly expressed in just one statement? Hardly. The conclusion is about universities and free education, while the reason introduces some new ideas: economic benefit and a well-educated population. While the link between these two ideas and the conclusion might seem obvious, the purpose of reasoning is to avoid assuming the ‘obvious’ by carefully working through the connections between the various ideas in the initial statement of our reason.
9번 지문
Culture extends the degree of social participation and interdependence. Much of what people do in a culture is linked to other people and indeed to the culture generally. Even a seemingly private activity such as brushing your teeth is a form of cultural participation. The brand of toothpaste you choose reflects what the market has produced to offer you, and if there are several brands your choice is probably shaped by cultural messages such as advertising slogans. In turn, your choices combine with those of many other toothpaste purchasers to determine which brands remain on the market and which ones fail and disappear. When a firm goes bankrupt, many individuals lose their jobs, and their families may face troubles. Moreover, brushing teeth is not instilled in our genes via some evolutionary process that weeded out non-tooth brushers and left us all with an innate urge to brush. On the contrary, you probably brush because you were taught to do so by your parents, and probably you sustain the practice because you believe other people will like you better if your breath smells fresh and your teeth look white.
10번 지문
Imagine that seven out of ten working Americans got fired tomorrow. What would they all do? It's hard to believe you'd have an economy at all if you gave pink slips to more than half the labor force. But that is what the industrial revolution did to the workforce of the early 19th century. Two hundred years ago, 70 percent of American workers lived on the farm. Today automation has eliminated all but 1 percent of their jobs, replacing them with machines. But the displaced workers did not sit idle. Instead, automation created hundreds of millions of jobs in entirely new fields. Those who once farmed were now manning the factories that manufactured farm equipment, cars, and other industrial products. Since then, wave upon wave of new occupations have arrived ─ appliance repair person, food chemist, photographer, web designer ─ each building on previous automation. Today, the vast majority of us are doing jobs that no farmer from the 1800s could have imagined.
11번 지문
In many cases, the motivation to adopt (or, at least, to consider) a suggested memory may be complex. Consider, for example, an adult who now recalls some awful childhood event. If the remembered event was painful or shameful, one might think the person gains nothing from this memory; instead, it hurts the person to hold these memories. Nonetheless, there may be what clinical psychologists call "secondary gain" that derives from the memory. Perhaps the person gets long-hoped-for attention and respect. Perhaps the person is excused from various responsibilities. Perhaps the person at last gains the powerful feeling reflected in statements like, "Finally, my life makes sense, and I see why all these bad things happened to me," or "At last, I realize that the bad things in my life were not my fault." Thus, anyone evaluating the memory and seeking to decide if the memory is accurate or not should weigh these possibilities.
12번 지문
Average life expectancy has risen steadily for decades and except for cancers caused by smoking and exposure to the sun, cancer death rates have dropped or remained relatively stable. Yet surveys have repeatedly shown that people have never been more fretful about their health. "People just seem to see the apocalypse everywhere they turn," said Bruce Ames, who was among the first to point out that natural pesticides are at least 10,000 times more common than those made by man. "There are some important risks, of course. But everyone should just relax a bit and have some fun." At times that seems hard to do. Provocative warnings about too much cholesterol, not enough vitamin A and what can happen to people who do not exercise enough have become part of the tapestry of American life. To some, cancer seems hidden in every meal.
전자 제품의 관계로 단순 변심에 의한 반품/교환이 불가 합니다.
최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2
미니 모의고사 2(132문항)
일반 워크북 형태의 문제에서 벗어나 The Makings가 만든 미니 모의고사 2 변형문제는
출판사에서 오랫동안 영어 번역과 교정을 하셨던 원어민 선생님과
현직에서 강사를 하고 있는 연구진들이 학생들을 위한 최상의 미니 모의고사 2 변형문제를 선보입니다.
사고력과 이해력을 요구하는 문제들로 내신 대비 뿐만이 아니라 수능도 한꺼번에 공부하실 수 있는 자료입니다.
중간고사&기말고사 전에 더메이킹스(The Makings)에서 제작한 미니 모의고사 2 변형문제로 마무리 하세요.
The Makings의 미니 모의고사 1 변형문제는 총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.
1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)
2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)
3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)
4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)
5. 어법(서술형)
6. 어휘(서술형)
7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)
8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)
9. 영작(서술형)
10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)
11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)
이 파일은 워드파일이며 편집이 가능한 형태의 상품입니다.
더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2
미니 모의고사 2(132문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.
1번 지문
Perhaps worse than attempting to get the bad news out of the way is attempting to soften it or simply not address it at all. This "Mum Effect" ― a term coined by psychologists Sidney Rosen and Abraham Tesser in the early 1970s ― happens because people want to avoid becoming the target of others’ negative emotions. We all have the opportunity to lead change, yet it often requires of us the courage to deliver bad news to our superiors. We don’t want to be the innocent messenger who falls before a firing line. When our survival instincts kick in, they can override our courage until the truth of a situation gets watered down. “The Mum Effect and the resulting filtering can have devastating effects in a steep hierarchy,” writes Robert Sutton, an organizational psychologist. “What starts out as bad news becomes happier and happier as it travels up the ranks ― because after each boss hears the news from his or her subordinates, he or she makes it sound a bit less bad before passing it up the chain.”
2번 지문
One of the keys to insects’ successful survival in the open air lies in their outer covering ― a hard waxy layer that helps prevent their tiny bodies from dehydrating. To take oxygen from the air, they use narrow breathing holes in the body-segments, which take in air passively and can be opened and closed as needed. Instead of blood contained in vessels, they have free-flowing hemolymph, which helps keep their bodies rigid, aids movement, and assists the transportation of nutrients and waste materials to the appropriate parts of the body. The nervous system is modular ― in a sense, each of the body segments has its own individual and autonomous brain ― and some other body systems show a similar modularization. These are just a few of the many ways in which insect bodies are structured and function completely differently from our own.
3번 지문
Spine-tingling ghost stories are fun to tell if they are really scary, and even more so if you claim that they are true. People get a thrill from passing on those stories. The same applies to miracle stories. If a rumor of a miracle gets written down in a book, the rumor becomes hard to challenge, especially if the book is ancient. If a rumor is old enough, it starts to be called a "tradition" instead, and then people believe it all the more. This is rather odd because you might think they would realize that older rumors have had more time to get distorted than younger rumors that are close in time to the alleged events themselves. Elvis Presley and Michael Jackson lived too recently for traditions to have grown up, so not many people believe stories like "Elvis seen on Mars."
4번 지문
A central and enduring debate within the field of jurisprudence, the philosophy of law, concerns the very nature of what makes a law truly valid and legitimate. One major school of thought, legal positivism, asserts that a law’s validity is determined solely by its established source and the proper legislative process through which it was enacted. In this view, whether a law is ‘just’ or ‘moral’ is a separate, secondary question from whether it is legally binding. In direct opposition stands the theory of natural law. This tradition argues that for a law to be truly valid, it must align with fundamental principles of justice and morality. Proponents of this view would echo St. Augustine’s famous maxim that ‘an unjust law is no law at all’. This creates an enduring tension between what is legally decreed and what is considered morally right, a conflict that continues to shape legal and ethical debates today.
5번 지문
We might think that our gut instinct is just an inner feeling ― a secret interior voice ― but in fact it is shaped by a perception of something visible around us, such as a facial expression or a visual inconsistency so fleeting that often we’re not even aware we’ve noticed it. Psychologists now think of this moment as a ‘visual matching game’. So a stressed, rushed or tired person is more likely to resort to this visual matching. When they see a situation in front of them, they quickly match it to a sea of past experiences stored in a mental knowledge bank and then, based on a match, they assign meaning to the information in front of them. The brain then sends a signal to the gut, which has many hundreds of nerve cells. So the visceral feeling we get in the pit of our stomach and the butterflies we feel are a result of our cognitive processing system.
6번 지문
Black and Hispanic New Yorkers represent 51% of the city’s population, yet account for 62% of Covid-19 deaths. They have twice the rate of death compared with whites, when adjusted for age. This disparity likely is the result of several factors. Co-morbid conditions, such as hypertension and diabetes, are strongly associated with death from Covid-19 and are more common in black and Hispanic communities. But what causes high rates of poorly controlled hypertension and diabetes? Lack of appropriate health care. People who cannot easily find good health care for reasons of money, time, location, or trust may be more likely to stay at home undiagnosed and spread the virus ― as well as experience potentially fatal delays in diagnosis and treatment. The explanation is the same for New York City as for Italy, New Orleans and probably Iran: the virus exploits weaknesses in health and health care.
7번 지문
Modern armies no longer line up in neat rows and charge each other from opposite sides of a battlefield. Strangely, however, they still train that way, for example, during marching drills. This practice is useful, it turns out, not to prep for actual battle conditions, but to build trust and solidarity among soldiers in a unit. Our species, for reasons that aren’t entirely clear, is wired to form social bonds when we move in lockstep with each other. This can mean marching together, singing or chanting in unison, clapping hands to a beat, or even just wearing the same clothes. In the early decades of the 20th century, IBM used corporate songs to instill a sense of unity among their workers. Some companies in Japan still use these practices today. In 2009, Stanford psychologists Scott Wiltermuth and Chip Heath demonstrated this synchrony-solidarity effect experimentally. They first asked groups of students to perform synchronized movements (such as marching around campus together), then had them play “public goods” games to measure the degree to which individuals were willing to take risks for the benefit of the group. What they found across the experiments is that “people acting in synchrony with others cooperated more in subsequent group economic exercises, even in situations requiring personal sacrifice.”
8번 지문
A reason for a conclusion is very unlikely to consist in a single claim. No matter how we might state it in short-hand, it is, analytically, a complex interaction of many ideas and implications. The reason must be broken down into a chain of more precise premises. For example, the claim that ‘university education should be free for all Australians’ might be supported by the reason that ‘the economy benefits from a well‐educated Australian population’. But is our analysis of the situation clearly expressed in just one statement? Hardly. The conclusion is about universities and free education, while the reason introduces some new ideas: economic benefit and a well-educated population. While the link between these two ideas and the conclusion might seem obvious, the purpose of reasoning is to avoid assuming the ‘obvious’ by carefully working through the connections between the various ideas in the initial statement of our reason.
9번 지문
Culture extends the degree of social participation and interdependence. Much of what people do in a culture is linked to other people and indeed to the culture generally. Even a seemingly private activity such as brushing your teeth is a form of cultural participation. The brand of toothpaste you choose reflects what the market has produced to offer you, and if there are several brands your choice is probably shaped by cultural messages such as advertising slogans. In turn, your choices combine with those of many other toothpaste purchasers to determine which brands remain on the market and which ones fail and disappear. When a firm goes bankrupt, many individuals lose their jobs, and their families may face troubles. Moreover, brushing teeth is not instilled in our genes via some evolutionary process that weeded out non-tooth brushers and left us all with an innate urge to brush. On the contrary, you probably brush because you were taught to do so by your parents, and probably you sustain the practice because you believe other people will like you better if your breath smells fresh and your teeth look white.
10번 지문
Imagine that seven out of ten working Americans got fired tomorrow. What would they all do? It's hard to believe you'd have an economy at all if you gave pink slips to more than half the labor force. But that is what the industrial revolution did to the workforce of the early 19th century. Two hundred years ago, 70 percent of American workers lived on the farm. Today automation has eliminated all but 1 percent of their jobs, replacing them with machines. But the displaced workers did not sit idle. Instead, automation created hundreds of millions of jobs in entirely new fields. Those who once farmed were now manning the factories that manufactured farm equipment, cars, and other industrial products. Since then, wave upon wave of new occupations have arrived ─ appliance repair person, food chemist, photographer, web designer ─ each building on previous automation. Today, the vast majority of us are doing jobs that no farmer from the 1800s could have imagined.
11번 지문
In many cases, the motivation to adopt (or, at least, to consider) a suggested memory may be complex. Consider, for example, an adult who now recalls some awful childhood event. If the remembered event was painful or shameful, one might think the person gains nothing from this memory; instead, it hurts the person to hold these memories. Nonetheless, there may be what clinical psychologists call "secondary gain" that derives from the memory. Perhaps the person gets long-hoped-for attention and respect. Perhaps the person is excused from various responsibilities. Perhaps the person at last gains the powerful feeling reflected in statements like, "Finally, my life makes sense, and I see why all these bad things happened to me," or "At last, I realize that the bad things in my life were not my fault." Thus, anyone evaluating the memory and seeking to decide if the memory is accurate or not should weigh these possibilities.
12번 지문
Average life expectancy has risen steadily for decades and except for cancers caused by smoking and exposure to the sun, cancer death rates have dropped or remained relatively stable. Yet surveys have repeatedly shown that people have never been more fretful about their health. "People just seem to see the apocalypse everywhere they turn," said Bruce Ames, who was among the first to point out that natural pesticides are at least 10,000 times more common than those made by man. "There are some important risks, of course. But everyone should just relax a bit and have some fun." At times that seems hard to do. Provocative warnings about too much cholesterol, not enough vitamin A and what can happen to people who do not exercise enough have become part of the tapestry of American life. To some, cancer seems hidden in every meal.
전자 제품의 관계로 단순 변심에 의한 반품/교환이 불가 합니다.