간편결제 가능
최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2
미니 모의고사 3(132문항)
일반 워크북 형태의 문제에서 벗어나 The Makings가 만든 미니 모의고사 3 변형문제는
출판사에서 오랫동안 영어 번역과 교정을 하셨던 원어민 선생님과
현직에서 강사를 하고 있는 연구진들이 학생들을 위한 최상의 미니 모의고사 3 변형문제를 선보입니다.
사고력과 이해력을 요구하는 문제들로 내신 대비 뿐만이 아니라 수능도 한꺼번에 공부하실 수 있는 자료입니다.
중간고사&기말고사 전에 더메이킹스(The Makings)에서 제작한 미니 모의고사 3 변형문제로 마무리 하세요.
The Makings의 미니 모의고사 3 변형문제는 총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.
1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)
2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)
3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)
4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)
5. 어법(서술형)
6. 어휘(서술형)
7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)
8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)
9. 영작(서술형)
10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)
11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)
이 파일은 PDF파일이며 가독성에 방해가 전혀 되지 않지만 지적재산권 보호를 위해 워터마크가 희미하게 있습니다.
파일을 원하시는 데로 변형 하고 싶으시면 DOC파일 형태의 상품을 구입하시기 바랍니다.
더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2
미니 모의고사 3(132문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.
1번 지문
If creators knew when they were on their way to fashioning a masterpiece, their work would progress only forward: they would halt their idea-generation efforts as they struck gold. But in fact, they backtrack, returning to versions that they had earlier discarded as inadequate. In Beethoven's most celebrated work, the Fifth Symphony, he scrapped the conclusion of the first movement because it felt too short, only to come back to it later. Had Beethoven been able to distinguish an extraordinary from an ordinary work, he would have accepted his composition immediately as a hit. When Picasso was painting his famous Guernica in protest of fascism, he produced 79 different drawings. Many of the images in the painting were based on his early sketches, not the later variations. If Picasso could judge his creations as he produced them, he would get consistently "warmer" and use the later drawings. But in reality, it was just as common that he got "colder."
2번 지문
Karl Popper is sometimes said to have claimed that no theory can be proved definitively to be true. But he held a far more radical view than this: he thought that of the theories that have not yet been positively disproved, we have absolutely no reason to believe one rather than another. It is not that even our best theory cannot be definitively proved; it is rather that there is no such thing as a "best theory," only a "surviving theory," and all surviving theories are equal. Thus, in Popper's view, there is no point in trying to gather evidence that supports one surviving theory over the others. Scientists should consequently devote themselves to reducing the size of the pool of surviving theories by refuting as many ideas as possible. Scientific inquiry is essentially a process of disproof, and scientists are the disprovers, the debunkers, the destroyers. Popper's logic of inquiry requires of its scientific personnel a murderous resolve. Seeing a theory, their first thought must be to understand it and then to liquidate it. Only if scientists throw themselves single-mindedly into the slaughter of every speculation will science progress.
3번 지문
A champion of free speech and religious toleration, Voltaire was a controversial figure. He is, for instance, supposed to have declared, "I hate what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it," a powerful defense of the idea that even views that you despise deserve to be heard. In eighteenth-century Europe, however, the Catholic Church strictly controlled what could be published. Many of Voltaire's plays and books were censored and burned in public, and he was even imprisoned in the Bastille in Paris because he had insulted a powerful aristocrat. But none of this stopped him challenging the prejudices and pretensions of those around him. In his short philosophical novel, Candide, he completely undermined the kind of religious optimism about humanity and the universe that other contemporary thinkers had expressed, and he did it in such an entertaining way that the book became an instant bestseller. Wisely, Voltaire left his name off the title page, otherwise its publication would have landed him in prison again for making fun of religious beliefs.
4번 지문
When we get an unfavorable outcome, in some ways the last thing we want to hear is that the process was fair. As outraging as the combination of an unfavorable outcome and an unfair process is, this combination also brings with it a consolation prize: the possibility of attributing the bad outcome to something other than ourselves. We may reassure ourselves by believing that our bad outcome had little to do with us and everything to do with the unfair process. If the process is fair, however, we cannot nearly as easily externalize the outcome; we got what we got "fair and square." When the process is fair we believe that our outcome is deserved, which is another way of saying that there must have been something about ourselves (what we did or who we are) that caused the outcome.
5번 지문
The term "anchoring" was introduced by Roland Barthes who observed that text is often used next to images (his focus was on photographs) to confine meaning. Of all possible literal or implied interpretations an image could elicit, text would point the viewer towards a desired, specific direction. In advertising, as Barthes argues, the symbolic message does not guide identification but interpretation. The viewer is not asked to recognize what they see but to understand why they see it and what it means to them. By combining images with text, advertising produces symbolic meaning that is accurate and specific on the one hand, richer on the other, thus adding depth and eliminating breadth of rational and emotional interpretations. The headline or tagline of an ad directs the reader through the intended meanings of the image, so that the reader avoids some and receives others. It "remote-controls" the reader towards a meaning chosen in advance.
6번 지문
Correlations are powerful because the insights they offer are relatively clear. These insights are often covered up when we bring causality back into the picture. For instance, a used-car dealer supplied data to statisticians to predict which of the vehicles available for purchase at an auction were likely to have problems. A correlation analysis showed that orange-colored cars were far less likely to have defects. Even as we read this, we already think about why it might be so: Are orange-colored car owners likely to be car enthusiasts and take better care of their vehicles? Or, is it because orange-colored cars are more noticeable on the road and therefore less likely to be in accidents, so they're in better condition when resold? Quickly we are caught in a web of competing causal hypotheses. But our attempts to illuminate things this way only make them cloudier. Correlations exist; we can show them mathematically. We can't easily do the same for causal links. So we would do well to hold off from trying to explain the reason behind the correlations.
7번 지문
It seems natural to describe certain environmental conditions as 'extreme', 'harsh', 'benign' or 'stressful'. It may seem obvious when conditions are 'extreme': the midday heat of a desert, the cold of an Antarctic winter, the salinity of the Great Salt Lake. But this only means that these conditions are extreme for us, given our particular physiological characteristics and tolerances. To a cactus there is nothing extreme about the desert conditions in which cacti have evolved; nor are the icy lands of Antarctica an extreme environment for penguins. It is lazy and dangerous for the ecologist to assume that all other organisms sense the environment in the way we do. Rather, the ecologist should try to gain a worm's-eye or plant's-eye view of the environment: to see the world as others see it. Emotive words like harsh and benign, even relativities such as hot and cold, should be used by ecologists only with care.
8번 지문
Petroleum is the "blood" of industry. But as it is buried deep in the earth, how can we find it? Sometimes, considerable labor, materials, and money are spent without exactly identifying the distribution range of petroleum. Here, bacteria can be said to have a mysterious bond with petroleum. Petroleum is composed of various organic compounds, of which the majority is a carbon and hydrogen compound called hydrocarbon. Although petroleum is buried deep, there are always some hydrocarbons coming up to the earth's surface through the gaps in rock formations. Gas components in petroleum can also leak to the surface. Some bacteria feed on petroleum. Therefore, when explorers detect a great amount of such bacteria in a place, they know there is probably petroleum. On the basis of the quantity of bacteria detected in the sample, they can also predict the quantity of petroleum and gas in reserve.
9번 지문
In spite of thousands of research studies, we are still unclear on the most basic question ― What is the function of sleep? The most obvious explanation is that sleep is restorative. Support for this idea comes from the observation that species with higher metabolic rates typically spend more time in sleep. A less obvious explanation is the adaptive hypothesis; according to this view, the amount of sleep an animal engages in depends on the availability of food and on safety considerations. Elephants, for instance, which must graze for many hours to meet their food needs, sleep briefly. Animals with low vulnerability to predators, such as the lion, sleep much of the time, as do animals that find safety by hiding, like bats and burrowing animals. In contrast, vulnerable animals that are too large to burrow or hide ― for example, horses and cattle ― sleep very little. In a study of 39 species, the combined factors of body size and danger accounted for 80% of the variability in sleep time.
10번 지문
Intuition can be great, but it ought to be hard-earned. Experts, for example, are able to think on their feet because they've invested thousands of hours in learning and practice: their intuition has become data-driven. Only then are they able to act quickly in accordance with their internalized expertise and evidence-based experience. Yet most people are not experts, though they often think they are. Most of us, especially when we interact with others on social media, act with expert-like speed and conviction, offering a wide range of opinions on global crises, without the substance of knowledge that supports it. And thanks to AI, which ensures that our messages are delivered to an audience more inclined to believing it, our delusions of expertise can be reinforced by our personal filter bubble. We have an interesting tendency to find people more open-minded, rational, and sensible when they think just like us.
11번 지문
Most people fear many things, both great and small, and though we may never have to face up to our worst nightmares, few of us are unfamiliar with the sweaty palms and parched lips that are typical physical accompaniments to the emotion of fear. Fear is not, of course, a pleasant sensation, and it often impedes our acting in the ways we think we ought to. For those reasons, we might consider that humankind would have been better off if endowed with a literally fearless nature. But that would be a big mistake. For frail and vulnerable creatures like ourselves, a disposition to feel fear is a vital evolutionary acquisition, since it prompts us to take care of ourselves in situations of danger. Those who feared nothing would dare anything; and the consequences would all too often be disastrous. Fear, it is true, sometimes applies the brakes too sharply to our efforts; but it is better to possess brakes that are occasionally over-effective than to have no brakes at all.
12번 지문
Monkeys sleep on branches high in the forest canopy. This certainly keeps them safe from ground predators such as leopards and jaguars, but it must be unstable and uncomfortable. The monkeys sit on as thick a branch as they can find, resting their weight on pads of skin that develop on their buttocks, but even so they repeatedly wake up throughout the night. An ape, sleeping within a broad, cup-shaped nest, is far safer and can sleep for longer periods and more deeply. Studies by David Samson, now at the University of Toronto, and his coworkers, comparing neural activity in sleeping monkeys and sleeping apes, have shown that the apes have more frequent periods of both NREM (non-rapid eye movement) and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. These types of sleep are important in reordering and fixing memories, which can in turn help improve cognitive ability. Building nests could have helped apes get even cleverer.
전자 제품의 관계로 단순 변심에 의한 반품/교환이 불가 합니다.
최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2
미니 모의고사 3(132문항)
일반 워크북 형태의 문제에서 벗어나 The Makings가 만든 미니 모의고사 3 변형문제는
출판사에서 오랫동안 영어 번역과 교정을 하셨던 원어민 선생님과
현직에서 강사를 하고 있는 연구진들이 학생들을 위한 최상의 미니 모의고사 3 변형문제를 선보입니다.
사고력과 이해력을 요구하는 문제들로 내신 대비 뿐만이 아니라 수능도 한꺼번에 공부하실 수 있는 자료입니다.
중간고사&기말고사 전에 더메이킹스(The Makings)에서 제작한 미니 모의고사 3 변형문제로 마무리 하세요.
The Makings의 미니 모의고사 3 변형문제는 총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.
1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)
2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)
3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)
4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)
5. 어법(서술형)
6. 어휘(서술형)
7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)
8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)
9. 영작(서술형)
10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)
11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)
이 파일은 PDF파일이며 가독성에 방해가 전혀 되지 않지만 지적재산권 보호를 위해 워터마크가 희미하게 있습니다.
파일을 원하시는 데로 변형 하고 싶으시면 DOC파일 형태의 상품을 구입하시기 바랍니다.
더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2
미니 모의고사 3(132문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.
1번 지문
If creators knew when they were on their way to fashioning a masterpiece, their work would progress only forward: they would halt their idea-generation efforts as they struck gold. But in fact, they backtrack, returning to versions that they had earlier discarded as inadequate. In Beethoven's most celebrated work, the Fifth Symphony, he scrapped the conclusion of the first movement because it felt too short, only to come back to it later. Had Beethoven been able to distinguish an extraordinary from an ordinary work, he would have accepted his composition immediately as a hit. When Picasso was painting his famous Guernica in protest of fascism, he produced 79 different drawings. Many of the images in the painting were based on his early sketches, not the later variations. If Picasso could judge his creations as he produced them, he would get consistently "warmer" and use the later drawings. But in reality, it was just as common that he got "colder."
2번 지문
Karl Popper is sometimes said to have claimed that no theory can be proved definitively to be true. But he held a far more radical view than this: he thought that of the theories that have not yet been positively disproved, we have absolutely no reason to believe one rather than another. It is not that even our best theory cannot be definitively proved; it is rather that there is no such thing as a "best theory," only a "surviving theory," and all surviving theories are equal. Thus, in Popper's view, there is no point in trying to gather evidence that supports one surviving theory over the others. Scientists should consequently devote themselves to reducing the size of the pool of surviving theories by refuting as many ideas as possible. Scientific inquiry is essentially a process of disproof, and scientists are the disprovers, the debunkers, the destroyers. Popper's logic of inquiry requires of its scientific personnel a murderous resolve. Seeing a theory, their first thought must be to understand it and then to liquidate it. Only if scientists throw themselves single-mindedly into the slaughter of every speculation will science progress.
3번 지문
A champion of free speech and religious toleration, Voltaire was a controversial figure. He is, for instance, supposed to have declared, "I hate what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it," a powerful defense of the idea that even views that you despise deserve to be heard. In eighteenth-century Europe, however, the Catholic Church strictly controlled what could be published. Many of Voltaire's plays and books were censored and burned in public, and he was even imprisoned in the Bastille in Paris because he had insulted a powerful aristocrat. But none of this stopped him challenging the prejudices and pretensions of those around him. In his short philosophical novel, Candide, he completely undermined the kind of religious optimism about humanity and the universe that other contemporary thinkers had expressed, and he did it in such an entertaining way that the book became an instant bestseller. Wisely, Voltaire left his name off the title page, otherwise its publication would have landed him in prison again for making fun of religious beliefs.
4번 지문
When we get an unfavorable outcome, in some ways the last thing we want to hear is that the process was fair. As outraging as the combination of an unfavorable outcome and an unfair process is, this combination also brings with it a consolation prize: the possibility of attributing the bad outcome to something other than ourselves. We may reassure ourselves by believing that our bad outcome had little to do with us and everything to do with the unfair process. If the process is fair, however, we cannot nearly as easily externalize the outcome; we got what we got "fair and square." When the process is fair we believe that our outcome is deserved, which is another way of saying that there must have been something about ourselves (what we did or who we are) that caused the outcome.
5번 지문
The term "anchoring" was introduced by Roland Barthes who observed that text is often used next to images (his focus was on photographs) to confine meaning. Of all possible literal or implied interpretations an image could elicit, text would point the viewer towards a desired, specific direction. In advertising, as Barthes argues, the symbolic message does not guide identification but interpretation. The viewer is not asked to recognize what they see but to understand why they see it and what it means to them. By combining images with text, advertising produces symbolic meaning that is accurate and specific on the one hand, richer on the other, thus adding depth and eliminating breadth of rational and emotional interpretations. The headline or tagline of an ad directs the reader through the intended meanings of the image, so that the reader avoids some and receives others. It "remote-controls" the reader towards a meaning chosen in advance.
6번 지문
Correlations are powerful because the insights they offer are relatively clear. These insights are often covered up when we bring causality back into the picture. For instance, a used-car dealer supplied data to statisticians to predict which of the vehicles available for purchase at an auction were likely to have problems. A correlation analysis showed that orange-colored cars were far less likely to have defects. Even as we read this, we already think about why it might be so: Are orange-colored car owners likely to be car enthusiasts and take better care of their vehicles? Or, is it because orange-colored cars are more noticeable on the road and therefore less likely to be in accidents, so they're in better condition when resold? Quickly we are caught in a web of competing causal hypotheses. But our attempts to illuminate things this way only make them cloudier. Correlations exist; we can show them mathematically. We can't easily do the same for causal links. So we would do well to hold off from trying to explain the reason behind the correlations.
7번 지문
It seems natural to describe certain environmental conditions as 'extreme', 'harsh', 'benign' or 'stressful'. It may seem obvious when conditions are 'extreme': the midday heat of a desert, the cold of an Antarctic winter, the salinity of the Great Salt Lake. But this only means that these conditions are extreme for us, given our particular physiological characteristics and tolerances. To a cactus there is nothing extreme about the desert conditions in which cacti have evolved; nor are the icy lands of Antarctica an extreme environment for penguins. It is lazy and dangerous for the ecologist to assume that all other organisms sense the environment in the way we do. Rather, the ecologist should try to gain a worm's-eye or plant's-eye view of the environment: to see the world as others see it. Emotive words like harsh and benign, even relativities such as hot and cold, should be used by ecologists only with care.
8번 지문
Petroleum is the "blood" of industry. But as it is buried deep in the earth, how can we find it? Sometimes, considerable labor, materials, and money are spent without exactly identifying the distribution range of petroleum. Here, bacteria can be said to have a mysterious bond with petroleum. Petroleum is composed of various organic compounds, of which the majority is a carbon and hydrogen compound called hydrocarbon. Although petroleum is buried deep, there are always some hydrocarbons coming up to the earth's surface through the gaps in rock formations. Gas components in petroleum can also leak to the surface. Some bacteria feed on petroleum. Therefore, when explorers detect a great amount of such bacteria in a place, they know there is probably petroleum. On the basis of the quantity of bacteria detected in the sample, they can also predict the quantity of petroleum and gas in reserve.
9번 지문
In spite of thousands of research studies, we are still unclear on the most basic question ― What is the function of sleep? The most obvious explanation is that sleep is restorative. Support for this idea comes from the observation that species with higher metabolic rates typically spend more time in sleep. A less obvious explanation is the adaptive hypothesis; according to this view, the amount of sleep an animal engages in depends on the availability of food and on safety considerations. Elephants, for instance, which must graze for many hours to meet their food needs, sleep briefly. Animals with low vulnerability to predators, such as the lion, sleep much of the time, as do animals that find safety by hiding, like bats and burrowing animals. In contrast, vulnerable animals that are too large to burrow or hide ― for example, horses and cattle ― sleep very little. In a study of 39 species, the combined factors of body size and danger accounted for 80% of the variability in sleep time.
10번 지문
Intuition can be great, but it ought to be hard-earned. Experts, for example, are able to think on their feet because they've invested thousands of hours in learning and practice: their intuition has become data-driven. Only then are they able to act quickly in accordance with their internalized expertise and evidence-based experience. Yet most people are not experts, though they often think they are. Most of us, especially when we interact with others on social media, act with expert-like speed and conviction, offering a wide range of opinions on global crises, without the substance of knowledge that supports it. And thanks to AI, which ensures that our messages are delivered to an audience more inclined to believing it, our delusions of expertise can be reinforced by our personal filter bubble. We have an interesting tendency to find people more open-minded, rational, and sensible when they think just like us.
11번 지문
Most people fear many things, both great and small, and though we may never have to face up to our worst nightmares, few of us are unfamiliar with the sweaty palms and parched lips that are typical physical accompaniments to the emotion of fear. Fear is not, of course, a pleasant sensation, and it often impedes our acting in the ways we think we ought to. For those reasons, we might consider that humankind would have been better off if endowed with a literally fearless nature. But that would be a big mistake. For frail and vulnerable creatures like ourselves, a disposition to feel fear is a vital evolutionary acquisition, since it prompts us to take care of ourselves in situations of danger. Those who feared nothing would dare anything; and the consequences would all too often be disastrous. Fear, it is true, sometimes applies the brakes too sharply to our efforts; but it is better to possess brakes that are occasionally over-effective than to have no brakes at all.
12번 지문
Monkeys sleep on branches high in the forest canopy. This certainly keeps them safe from ground predators such as leopards and jaguars, but it must be unstable and uncomfortable. The monkeys sit on as thick a branch as they can find, resting their weight on pads of skin that develop on their buttocks, but even so they repeatedly wake up throughout the night. An ape, sleeping within a broad, cup-shaped nest, is far safer and can sleep for longer periods and more deeply. Studies by David Samson, now at the University of Toronto, and his coworkers, comparing neural activity in sleeping monkeys and sleeping apes, have shown that the apes have more frequent periods of both NREM (non-rapid eye movement) and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. These types of sleep are important in reordering and fixing memories, which can in turn help improve cognitive ability. Building nests could have helped apes get even cleverer.
전자 제품의 관계로 단순 변심에 의한 반품/교환이 불가 합니다.