간편결제 가능
최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2
미니 모의고사 4(132문항)
일반 워크북 형태의 문제에서 벗어나 The Makings가 만든 미니 모의고사 4 변형문제는
출판사에서 오랫동안 영어 번역과 교정을 하셨던 원어민 선생님과
현직에서 강사를 하고 있는 연구진들이 학생들을 위한 최상의 미니 모의고사 4 변형문제를 선보입니다.
사고력과 이해력을 요구하는 문제들로 내신 대비 뿐만이 아니라 수능도 한꺼번에 공부하실 수 있는 자료입니다.
중간고사&기말고사 전에 더메이킹스(The Makings)에서 제작한 미니 모의고사 4 변형문제로 마무리 하세요.
The Makings의 미니 모의고사 3 변형문제는 총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.
1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)
2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)
3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)
4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)
5. 어법(서술형)
6. 어휘(서술형)
7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)
8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)
9. 영작(서술형)
10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)
11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)
이 파일은 PDF파일이며 가독성에 방해가 전혀 되지 않지만 지적재산권 보호를 위해 워터마크가 희미하게 있습니다.
파일을 원하시는 데로 변형 하고 싶으시면 DOC파일 형태의 상품을 구입하시기 바랍니다.
더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2
미니 모의고사 4(132문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.
1번 지문
Our view of the world is not given to us from the outside in a pure, objective form; it is shaped by our mental abilities, our shared cultural perspectives and our unique values and beliefs. This is not to say that there is no reality outside our minds or that the world is just an illusion. It is to say that our version of reality is precisely that: our version, not the version. There is no single, universal or authoritative version that makes sense, other than as a theoretical construct. We can see the world only as it appears to us, not "as it truly is," because there is no "as it truly is" without a perspective to give it form. Philosopher Thomas Nagel argued that there is no "view from nowhere," since we cannot see the world except from a particular perspective, and that perspective influences what we see. We can experience the world only through the human lenses that make it intelligible to us.
2번 지문
When you look at the photos of an expert like Malick Sidibe, you are looking at a small fraction of the portraits he chose to show his viewers. Photos with closed eyes, crooked clothing, unflattering expressions, or those with a poor exposure, were surely edited out and hidden from his audience. Street photographers like Joel Meyerowitz make thousands of photos that are never seen by fans. His discriminating eye chooses exactly what he wants his audience to see. Any digital image that doesn't meet Meyerowitz's personal expectations is put in a folder that may never be opened again. Most of the photographs anyone makes will likely end up in a digital junk heap on a forgotten hard drive. The point is that photographers put a lot of creative energy, time, and expense into making photographs, most of which don't represent the quality the creator expects. Yet, those hidden photos are critically important to the process of image-making. They represent the stages of failure and experimentation needed to arrive at a creative breakthrough. Those in-between photos are part of the step-by-step development process that leads you from one successful image to the next.
3번 지문
What exactly does normal science involve? According to Thomas Kuhn it is primarily a matter of puzzle-solving. However successful a paradigm is, it will always encounter certain problems ― phenomena which it cannot easily accommodate, or mismatches between the theory's predictions and the experimental facts. The job of the normal scientist is to try to eliminate these minor puzzles while making as few changes as possible to the paradigm. So normal science is a conservative activity ― its practitioners are not trying to make any earth-shattering discoveries, but rather just to develop and extend the existing paradigm. In Kuhn's words, 'normal science does not aim at novelties of fact or theory, and when successful finds none'. Above all, Kuhn stressed that normal scientists are not trying to test the paradigm. On the contrary, they accept the paradigm unquestioningly, and conduct their research within the limits it sets. If a normal scientist gets an experimental result which conflicts with the paradigm, they will usually assume that their experimental technique is faulty, not that the paradigm is wrong.
4번 지문
Free play is nature's means of teaching children that they are not helpless. In play, away from adults, children really do have control and can practice asserting it. In free play, children learn to make their own decisions, solve their own problems, create and follow rules, and get along with others as equals rather than as obedient or rebellious subordinates. In active outdoor play, children deliberately dose themselves with moderate amounts of fear and they thereby learn how to control not only their bodies, but also their fear. In social play children learn how to negotiate with others, how to please others, and how to manage and overcome the anger that can arise from conflicts. None of these lessons can be taught through verbal means; they can be learned only through experience, which free play provides.
5번 지문
Early in the term, our art professor projected an image of a monk, his back to the viewer, standing on the shore, looking off into a blue sea and an enormous sky. The professor asked the class, "What do you see?" The darkened auditorium was silent. We looked and looked and thought and thought as hard as possible to unearth the hidden meaning, but came up with nothing ― we must have missed it. With dramatic exasperation she answered her own question, "It's a painting of a monk! His back is to us! He is standing near the shore! There's a blue sea and enormous sky!" Hmm... why didn't we see it? So as not to bias us, she'd posed the question without revealing the artist or title of the work. In fact, it was Caspar David Friedrich's The Monk by the Sea. To better understand your world, consciously acknowledge what you actually see rather than guess at what you think you are supposed to see.
6번 지문
It's often said that those who can't do, teach. It would be more accurate to say that those who can do, can't teach the basics. A great deal of expert knowledge is implicit, not explicit. The further you progress toward mastery, the less conscious awareness you often have of the fundamentals. Experiments show that skilled golfers and wine aficionados have a hard time describing their putting and tasting techniques ― even asking them to explain their approaches is enough to interfere with their performance, so they often stay on autopilot. When I first saw an elite diver do four and a half somersaults, I asked how he managed to spin so fast. His answer: "Just go up in a ball." Experts often have an intuitive understanding of a route, but they struggle to clearly express all the steps to take. Their brain dump is partially filled with garbage.
7번 지문
It's hard to pay more for the speedy but highly skilled person, simply because there's less effort being observed. Two researchers once did a study in which they asked people how much they would pay for data recovery. They found that people would pay a little more for a greater quantity of rescued data, but what they were most sensitive to was the number of hours the technician worked. When the data recovery took only a few minutes, willingness to pay was low, but when it took more than a week to recover the same amount of data, people were willing to pay much more. Think about it: They were willing to pay more for the slower service with the same outcome. Fundamentally, when we value effort over outcome, we're paying for incompetence. Although it is actually irrational, we feel more rational, and more comfortable, paying for incompetence.
8번 지문
Consider the story of two men quarreling in a library. One wants the window open and the other wants it closed. They argue back and forth about how much to leave it open: a crack, halfway, or three‑quarters of the way. No solution satisfies them both. Enter the librarian. She asks one why he wants the window open: "To get some fresh air." She asks the other why he wants it closed: "To avoid a draft." After thinking a minute, she opens wide a window in the next room, bringing in fresh air without a draft. This story is typical of many negotiations. Since the parties' problem appears to be a conflict of positions, they naturally tend to talk about positions ― and often reach an impasse. The librarian could not have invented the solution she did if she had focused only on the two men's stated positions of wanting the window open or closed. Instead, she looked to their underlying interests of fresh air and no draft.
9번 지문
Once a nail is hammered in, it is friction that holds it in place. Friction is the force that arises when two surfaces are sliding, or trying to slide, against each other. If you try to pull apart two blocks of wood that have been nailed together, the wood fibers grip the shaft of the nail. The nail feels a force trying to rip it apart along its length, and we call that force tension. Your experiment can now fail in one of two ways ─ either the nail stretches and splits in half because the tension force is too large for the nail, or the nail comes loose because the friction force is overcome. The force it would take to stretch the nail is much larger than the friction forces on the surface, so we don't have to worry too much about the former. It's the friction with which we need to concern ourselves.
10번 지문
According to Hobbes, man is not a being who can act morally in spite of his instinct to protect his existence in the state of nature. Hence, the only place where morality and moral liberty will begin to find an application begins in a place where a sovereign power, namely the state, emerges. Hobbes thus describes the state of nature as a circumstance in which man's life is "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short". It means when people live without a general power to control them all, they are indeed in a state of war. In other words, Hobbes, who accepted that human beings are not social and political beings in the state of nature, believes that without the power human beings in the state of nature are "antisocial and rational based on their selfishness". Moreover, since society is not a natural phenomenon and there is no natural force bringing people together, what will bring them together as a society is not mutual affection according to Hobbes. It is, rather, mutual fear of men's present and future that assembles them, since the cause of fear is a common drive among people in the state of nature.
11번 지문
Here is a spiritual practice that will bring empowerment and creative expansion into your life. Make a list of a number of everyday routine activities that you perform frequently. Include activities that you may consider uninteresting, boring, tedious, irritating, or stressful. The list may include traveling to and from work, buying groceries, doing your laundry, or anything that you find tedious or stressful in your daily work. Then, whenever you are engaged in those activities, let them be a vehicle for alertness. Be absolutely present in what you do and sense the alert, alive stillness within you in the background of the activity. You will soon find that what you do in such a state of heightened awareness, instead of being stressful, tedious, or irritating, is actually becoming enjoyable. To be more precise, what you are enjoying is not really the outward action but the inner dimension of consciousness that flows into the action.
12번 지문
Some biologists have argued that the native/nonnative distinction is already no longer practically useful, and that adherence to it fosters presumptions about ecological risk that lead to poor management decisions, such as using scarce resources in unlikely-to-succeed attempts to try to control or eliminate nonnative species that are not really ecologically problematic. Advocates of this view propose that instead of evaluating species on the basis of their place of origin, ecosystem managers should focus on the actual impacts that they are having on the system, as well as on whether they have traits that make them likely to diffuse rapidly through disturbed or highly dynamic ecological systems. Moreover, they emphasize that the organism and group traits that foster rapid diffusion of a species population under those conditions, and therefore are indicators of a population's likelihood of becoming ecologically problematic, are the same for native and nonnative species. Therefore, they conclude, knowing whether a species is native or nonnative does not provide much, if any, pertinent information about its likely future ecological impacts.
전자 제품의 관계로 단순 변심에 의한 반품/교환이 불가 합니다.
최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2
미니 모의고사 4(132문항)
일반 워크북 형태의 문제에서 벗어나 The Makings가 만든 미니 모의고사 4 변형문제는
출판사에서 오랫동안 영어 번역과 교정을 하셨던 원어민 선생님과
현직에서 강사를 하고 있는 연구진들이 학생들을 위한 최상의 미니 모의고사 4 변형문제를 선보입니다.
사고력과 이해력을 요구하는 문제들로 내신 대비 뿐만이 아니라 수능도 한꺼번에 공부하실 수 있는 자료입니다.
중간고사&기말고사 전에 더메이킹스(The Makings)에서 제작한 미니 모의고사 4 변형문제로 마무리 하세요.
The Makings의 미니 모의고사 3 변형문제는 총 11개의 유형으로 구성되어 있습니다.
1. 빈칸 채우기(객관식)
2. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/한글 선택지)
3. 글의 내용 일치/불일치(객관식/영어 선택지)
4. 글 끼어 넣기(객관식)
5. 어법(서술형)
6. 어휘(서술형)
7. 주제문(객관식/영어 선택지)
8. 어휘 빈칸 채우기(서술형)
9. 영작(서술형)
10. 요약문 완성하기(서술형)
11. 문단 재배열 하기(객관식)
이 파일은 PDF파일이며 가독성에 방해가 전혀 되지 않지만 지적재산권 보호를 위해 워터마크가 희미하게 있습니다.
파일을 원하시는 데로 변형 하고 싶으시면 DOC파일 형태의 상품을 구입하시기 바랍니다.
더메이킹스(The Makings)가 제작한 최상위 수능 기출문제집 N기출 영어영역 고난도 독해 Level 2
미니 모의고사 4(132문항) 변형문제의 지문입니다.
1번 지문
Our view of the world is not given to us from the outside in a pure, objective form; it is shaped by our mental abilities, our shared cultural perspectives and our unique values and beliefs. This is not to say that there is no reality outside our minds or that the world is just an illusion. It is to say that our version of reality is precisely that: our version, not the version. There is no single, universal or authoritative version that makes sense, other than as a theoretical construct. We can see the world only as it appears to us, not "as it truly is," because there is no "as it truly is" without a perspective to give it form. Philosopher Thomas Nagel argued that there is no "view from nowhere," since we cannot see the world except from a particular perspective, and that perspective influences what we see. We can experience the world only through the human lenses that make it intelligible to us.
2번 지문
When you look at the photos of an expert like Malick Sidibe, you are looking at a small fraction of the portraits he chose to show his viewers. Photos with closed eyes, crooked clothing, unflattering expressions, or those with a poor exposure, were surely edited out and hidden from his audience. Street photographers like Joel Meyerowitz make thousands of photos that are never seen by fans. His discriminating eye chooses exactly what he wants his audience to see. Any digital image that doesn't meet Meyerowitz's personal expectations is put in a folder that may never be opened again. Most of the photographs anyone makes will likely end up in a digital junk heap on a forgotten hard drive. The point is that photographers put a lot of creative energy, time, and expense into making photographs, most of which don't represent the quality the creator expects. Yet, those hidden photos are critically important to the process of image-making. They represent the stages of failure and experimentation needed to arrive at a creative breakthrough. Those in-between photos are part of the step-by-step development process that leads you from one successful image to the next.
3번 지문
What exactly does normal science involve? According to Thomas Kuhn it is primarily a matter of puzzle-solving. However successful a paradigm is, it will always encounter certain problems ― phenomena which it cannot easily accommodate, or mismatches between the theory's predictions and the experimental facts. The job of the normal scientist is to try to eliminate these minor puzzles while making as few changes as possible to the paradigm. So normal science is a conservative activity ― its practitioners are not trying to make any earth-shattering discoveries, but rather just to develop and extend the existing paradigm. In Kuhn's words, 'normal science does not aim at novelties of fact or theory, and when successful finds none'. Above all, Kuhn stressed that normal scientists are not trying to test the paradigm. On the contrary, they accept the paradigm unquestioningly, and conduct their research within the limits it sets. If a normal scientist gets an experimental result which conflicts with the paradigm, they will usually assume that their experimental technique is faulty, not that the paradigm is wrong.
4번 지문
Free play is nature's means of teaching children that they are not helpless. In play, away from adults, children really do have control and can practice asserting it. In free play, children learn to make their own decisions, solve their own problems, create and follow rules, and get along with others as equals rather than as obedient or rebellious subordinates. In active outdoor play, children deliberately dose themselves with moderate amounts of fear and they thereby learn how to control not only their bodies, but also their fear. In social play children learn how to negotiate with others, how to please others, and how to manage and overcome the anger that can arise from conflicts. None of these lessons can be taught through verbal means; they can be learned only through experience, which free play provides.
5번 지문
Early in the term, our art professor projected an image of a monk, his back to the viewer, standing on the shore, looking off into a blue sea and an enormous sky. The professor asked the class, "What do you see?" The darkened auditorium was silent. We looked and looked and thought and thought as hard as possible to unearth the hidden meaning, but came up with nothing ― we must have missed it. With dramatic exasperation she answered her own question, "It's a painting of a monk! His back is to us! He is standing near the shore! There's a blue sea and enormous sky!" Hmm... why didn't we see it? So as not to bias us, she'd posed the question without revealing the artist or title of the work. In fact, it was Caspar David Friedrich's The Monk by the Sea. To better understand your world, consciously acknowledge what you actually see rather than guess at what you think you are supposed to see.
6번 지문
It's often said that those who can't do, teach. It would be more accurate to say that those who can do, can't teach the basics. A great deal of expert knowledge is implicit, not explicit. The further you progress toward mastery, the less conscious awareness you often have of the fundamentals. Experiments show that skilled golfers and wine aficionados have a hard time describing their putting and tasting techniques ― even asking them to explain their approaches is enough to interfere with their performance, so they often stay on autopilot. When I first saw an elite diver do four and a half somersaults, I asked how he managed to spin so fast. His answer: "Just go up in a ball." Experts often have an intuitive understanding of a route, but they struggle to clearly express all the steps to take. Their brain dump is partially filled with garbage.
7번 지문
It's hard to pay more for the speedy but highly skilled person, simply because there's less effort being observed. Two researchers once did a study in which they asked people how much they would pay for data recovery. They found that people would pay a little more for a greater quantity of rescued data, but what they were most sensitive to was the number of hours the technician worked. When the data recovery took only a few minutes, willingness to pay was low, but when it took more than a week to recover the same amount of data, people were willing to pay much more. Think about it: They were willing to pay more for the slower service with the same outcome. Fundamentally, when we value effort over outcome, we're paying for incompetence. Although it is actually irrational, we feel more rational, and more comfortable, paying for incompetence.
8번 지문
Consider the story of two men quarreling in a library. One wants the window open and the other wants it closed. They argue back and forth about how much to leave it open: a crack, halfway, or three‑quarters of the way. No solution satisfies them both. Enter the librarian. She asks one why he wants the window open: "To get some fresh air." She asks the other why he wants it closed: "To avoid a draft." After thinking a minute, she opens wide a window in the next room, bringing in fresh air without a draft. This story is typical of many negotiations. Since the parties' problem appears to be a conflict of positions, they naturally tend to talk about positions ― and often reach an impasse. The librarian could not have invented the solution she did if she had focused only on the two men's stated positions of wanting the window open or closed. Instead, she looked to their underlying interests of fresh air and no draft.
9번 지문
Once a nail is hammered in, it is friction that holds it in place. Friction is the force that arises when two surfaces are sliding, or trying to slide, against each other. If you try to pull apart two blocks of wood that have been nailed together, the wood fibers grip the shaft of the nail. The nail feels a force trying to rip it apart along its length, and we call that force tension. Your experiment can now fail in one of two ways ─ either the nail stretches and splits in half because the tension force is too large for the nail, or the nail comes loose because the friction force is overcome. The force it would take to stretch the nail is much larger than the friction forces on the surface, so we don't have to worry too much about the former. It's the friction with which we need to concern ourselves.
10번 지문
According to Hobbes, man is not a being who can act morally in spite of his instinct to protect his existence in the state of nature. Hence, the only place where morality and moral liberty will begin to find an application begins in a place where a sovereign power, namely the state, emerges. Hobbes thus describes the state of nature as a circumstance in which man's life is "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short". It means when people live without a general power to control them all, they are indeed in a state of war. In other words, Hobbes, who accepted that human beings are not social and political beings in the state of nature, believes that without the power human beings in the state of nature are "antisocial and rational based on their selfishness". Moreover, since society is not a natural phenomenon and there is no natural force bringing people together, what will bring them together as a society is not mutual affection according to Hobbes. It is, rather, mutual fear of men's present and future that assembles them, since the cause of fear is a common drive among people in the state of nature.
11번 지문
Here is a spiritual practice that will bring empowerment and creative expansion into your life. Make a list of a number of everyday routine activities that you perform frequently. Include activities that you may consider uninteresting, boring, tedious, irritating, or stressful. The list may include traveling to and from work, buying groceries, doing your laundry, or anything that you find tedious or stressful in your daily work. Then, whenever you are engaged in those activities, let them be a vehicle for alertness. Be absolutely present in what you do and sense the alert, alive stillness within you in the background of the activity. You will soon find that what you do in such a state of heightened awareness, instead of being stressful, tedious, or irritating, is actually becoming enjoyable. To be more precise, what you are enjoying is not really the outward action but the inner dimension of consciousness that flows into the action.
12번 지문
Some biologists have argued that the native/nonnative distinction is already no longer practically useful, and that adherence to it fosters presumptions about ecological risk that lead to poor management decisions, such as using scarce resources in unlikely-to-succeed attempts to try to control or eliminate nonnative species that are not really ecologically problematic. Advocates of this view propose that instead of evaluating species on the basis of their place of origin, ecosystem managers should focus on the actual impacts that they are having on the system, as well as on whether they have traits that make them likely to diffuse rapidly through disturbed or highly dynamic ecological systems. Moreover, they emphasize that the organism and group traits that foster rapid diffusion of a species population under those conditions, and therefore are indicators of a population's likelihood of becoming ecologically problematic, are the same for native and nonnative species. Therefore, they conclude, knowing whether a species is native or nonnative does not provide much, if any, pertinent information about its likely future ecological impacts.
전자 제품의 관계로 단순 변심에 의한 반품/교환이 불가 합니다.